Cyto Forte Official site
Share this

Cystitis in women: what it is, symptoms and treatment

Many women suffer when the first symptoms of cystitis appear, they begin to treat themselves, consult pharmacists at the pharmacy and buy fashionable drugs. Without learning the causes, type and form of the disease, they cannot even imagine what the results of the treatment could be. To prevent complications of the disease, it is necessary to undergo appropriate diagnostics.

Cystitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the urinary tract and bladder. This disease occurs mainly in women. It is caused by the structure of the urethra in women, which is shorter and wider than in men, so infection or penetration of harmful microorganisms occurs more often.

Cystitis according to ICD-10

According to the international classification of diseases, this type belongs to inflammationClass XIV, its codeNo. 30. 0.

According to the international classification of diseases, there are several forms of cystitis:

  1. Acute cystitis code No. 30. 0.
  2. Chronic (interstitial) code No. 30. 1.
  3. Chronic (other) cystitis code No. 30. 2.
  4. Trigonite code No. 30. 3.
  5. Inflammatory process radiation type code No. 30. 4.
  6. Other forms of cystitis No. 30. 5.
  7. Unspecified cystitis No. 30. 6.

Each form of the inflammatory process requires individual treatment. Therefore, the diagnosis of the disease should be made in a medical institution and the drugs recommended by the doctor should be taken.

Causes of cystitis in women

People suffer from this disease30% women under 45 years old. The main reason for the occurrence of the inflammatory process is the special anatomical structure in which there is a connection between the flora of the female reproductive and urinary systems. Other causes include:

  • Improper genital hygiene.
  • Passive (sedentary) lifestyle.
  • Stress.
  • Unbalanced diet.
  • Eating spicy and fatty foods.
  • The presence of chronic gynecological and venereal diseases.
  • Unprotected sex.
  • Prolonged hypothermia.
  • Bladder injuries.
  • Changes in hormone levels.
  • Decreased immunity.
  • Synthetic underwear.

The most common cause of inflammation of the bladder is infection with intestinal infections.

What bacteria cause inflammation?

Cystitis occurs as a result of infection with various pathogenic bacteria:

  1. Candida fungi.
  2. Escherichia coli.
  3. Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
  4. Gonococci.
  5. Ureaplasma.
  6. Mycoplasmas.
  7. Trichomonas.
  8. Chlamydia.
  9. Enterobacter.
  10. Pale treponema.
  11. Staphylococci.
  12. Streptococci.
  13. Enterococcus.
  14. Meningococcus.
  15. Coliform microbes.
  16. Proteus.
  17. Salmonella.
  18. Viruses.
  19. Listeria.
  20. Klebsiella.

The most common opportunistic bacteria that cause the acute phase of inflammation is Escherichia coli.

E. coli most commonly causes cystitis in women

The first signs of the disease in women

Within 24 hours, the first signs of the disease appear after infection with pathogenic bacteria or hypothermia. These symptoms include:

  • Weakness.
  • Low-grade fever.
  • Small amounts of frequent urination.
  • Itching of the genitals.
  • Abdominal pain at night.
  • Painful urination.
  • The appearance of discharge from the genitals.

Urine is cloudy with flaky sediment mixed with blood or pus.

One of the symptoms of cystitis in a woman is a nagging pain in the lower abdomen

Symptoms of cystitis in women

The main symptoms of the inflammatory process in women:

  1. Urine is passed often and in small portions.
  2. Burning sensation when emptying the bladder.
  3. Frequent urge to urinate at night.
  4. Cloudy urine is mixed with mucus, blood and pus.
  5. A feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen.
  6. Urine has an unpleasant, pungent smell.
  7. A nagging pain appears under the abdomen, kidneys and spine.
  8. Low body temperature.

If one or more symptoms are detected, it is necessary to undergo a diagnosis to prevent complications or the development of urolithiasis.

A woman is worried about symptoms of cystitis in the form of frequent and painful urination

Urinary incontinence in women with cystitis

It is a symptom of urinary incontinence in women with the diseaseneglect of the disease. The main reason is the reluctance to self-medicate or go to a medical institution.

Urinary incontinence occurs due to developmentinflammatory process after infection in the bladder. The nerve endings in the walls of the bladder are irritated, which causes frequent urination. If the treatment is not done properly or if the treatment is ignored, the urges become stronger and become uncontrollable.

Do your kidneys hurt with cystitis?

The kidneys are part of the urinary system and produce urea, which makes urine. Urine exits through the ureters, collects in the bladder, and then exits. If the inflammatory process in the bladder has progressed, the infection rises to the kidney through the ureters, therefore, pain in the kidneys occurs during cystitis.

If the pain in the kidneys begins to intensify after cystitis, it means that the patient has developed a disease - pyelonephritis. Therefore, if you experience pain in the kidneys, you should immediately consult a doctor for tests and diagnosis of the disease.

Types and forms of cystitis in women

Modern medicine classifies cystitis depending on the nature of the disease, its causes, morphology, stage of development and spread of the inflammatory process. Cystitis can occur in the following forms:

  1. spicy– inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bladder as a result of various infections.
  2. Chronic- it differs from acute cystitis with washed out symptoms with its periodic appearance.
  3. Interstitial- is characterized by the formation of a malignant tumor in the walls of the bladder. This is a dangerous pathology that requires surgical intervention.
  4. Honeymoon cystitis- this is a special form, typical for girls who are starting to have sex. In the process of defloration, foreign bacteria penetrate the vaginal cavity, which causes inflammatory processes.

Most experts identify the following types of cystitis:

  • InfectiousCystitis occurs due to the entry of bacteria and harmful microorganisms into the bladder.
  • Traumatica type of disease caused by injuries and caries of the urethra.
  • ChemicalCystitis occurs when the body is not properly treated or exposed to toxic substances.
  • Hemorrhagiccaused by viral diseases.
  • Hypercalceurictype occurs in women with impaired kidney function.
  • A parasiteoccurs due to the entry of type parasites (worms) from the anus into the urethra.
  • GenderCystitis occurs in women who often change sexual partners.
  • RayCystitis occurs during procedures that expose the body to radiation.
  • AllergicThis happens when allergens of this type enter the body and can cause an inflammatory process.
  • CervicalCystitis is an inflammation of the bladder neck.
  • MushroomThe species develops when Candida fungi are present in the body.
  • HormoneCystitis in women occurs with an increase in the level of estrogen in the body, which reduces immunity and facilitates the penetration of infection.

Recurrent cystitis

Recurrent cystitis is an acute form of inflammation of the genitourinary organs.more than 3 times in six months. Causes of recurring type:

  1. Chronic non-compliance with personal hygiene rules.
  2. Genetic predisposition.
  3. Anatomical anomalies such as dystopia.
  4. Narrowing of the urethra.
  5. Stones or sand in the bladder.
  6. Frequent change of sexual partners.
  7. Gynecological diseases.
  8. Permanent hypothermia.

Treatment for the recurrent type of the disease is the same as for acute cystitis.

Diagnostics

The doctor conducts an initial examination of the patient, collects an anamnesis and writes a referral for tests:

  • General blood analysis.
  • General urinalysis.
  • Bacteriological culture of urine.
  • Vaginal microflora smear.
  • Ultrasound.
  • Cystography.
Ultrasound examination of the bladder can help diagnose cystitis in a woman.

Based on the test results, the doctor diagnoses and prescribes the appropriate treatment.

How long does the treatment of cystitis in women last?

The doctor prescribes the course of treatmentat least 10-14 days. The duration of treatment will depend on the form and type of cystitis, as well as the likelihood of recurrence. The inflammatory process is treated with drugs in several stages. Self-treatment can lead to the development of complications, and the treatment will take a long time.

Methods and drugs for the treatment of cystitis in women

If cystitis occurs, first of all, you should consult a doctor and undergo tests to find out the cause of its occurrence.

To treat diseases of the genitourinary organs, antibiotics, herbal medicines, hot baths and folk remedies are prescribed. Treatment methods and dosage of drugs are determined by the doctor.

During drug treatment, complex treatment with antibiotics, antispasmodics, probiotics, herbal medicines is carried out, painkillers are prescribed in case of severe pain.

During treatment with antibiotics, the intestinal microflora suffers, so the doctor prescribes probiotics.

Medicines for the treatment of cystitis - antibiotics, probiotics, antispasmodics, herbal medicines

Antispasmodics are prescribed for severe spasms.

Herbal medicines are prescribed by a doctor to eliminate inflammatory processes in the urinary system. These are preparations based on herbs and plant flowers that are effective in fighting the inflammatory process. These include:

  • Lingonberry leaves.
  • Bearberry.
  • Products based on cranberry fruits and medicinal plants.

Therapeutic baths will help relieve spasms and have an antibacterial effect. Herbal decoctions, infusions and oils are added to such baths:

  1. Chamomile flowers.
  2. A collection of herbs for the urinary system.
  3. Calendula.
  4. A series.
  5. St. John's wort.
  6. Eucalyptus oil.
  7. Lemon oil.
  8. Sage oil.
  9. Lavender oil.

Complex therapy is carried out for quick and effective treatment.

Is it possible to treat cystitis without antibiotics?

Treatment without antibiotics is prescribed only in case of an acute form of the disease; for his treatment,antispasmodic and antimicrobial drugs. In most cases, the acute form becomes chronic, in which case antibiotic treatment cannot be avoided.

Do they give sick leave for cystitis?

Cystitis is a disease in which the inflammatory process develops rapidly. In the acute form of the disease, the body temperature often rises, which indicates the need for bed rest, that is, it is necessary to issue a sick leave certificate.

In the case of a chronic illness, sick leave is not granted because there are no obvious symptoms of the illness. It should be remembered that for its treatment you need to undergo tests and undergo diagnostic procedures, which will take time.

Consequences and complications

This disease in its acute and chronic form can be treated quickly and effectively, but if the treatment is not carried out independently and correctly, the inflammation takes other forms, and complications develop into other diseases. Such consequences and complications include:

  • Cystitis turns into interstitial, hemorrhagic, gangrenous forms.
  • Pyelonephritis.
  • Bladder empyema.
  • Paracystitis.
  • Trigonite.

The danger of complications is the emergence of new diseases in the body.

Prevention

To prevent the disease, it is important to follow the following rules and recommendations:

  1. Follow the drinking regime.
  2. Follow the rules of personal hygiene.
  3. Follow a rest and sleep routine.
  4. Dress for the weather.
  5. Eat healthy, balanced meals.
  6. Giving up bad habits.
  7. Drink decoctions of diuretic herbs.
  8. Exercise.
  9. Take vitamins.

It is important to pay attention to your health, consult a doctor, detect diseases in time and take preventive measures.